Technical Papers

Improving the Low Temperature Performance of Modern Lubricants

Authors: P. Hutchinson, C.D. Neveu, R. Cocks

presented at:   ISFL Conference
                            New Dehli, India
                            March 8-10, 2006

Mineral base stocks contain waxy hydrocarbons that come out of solution when temperature decreases. They form a three-dimensional wax crystal network that can totally immobilize the oil. In formulated engine oils some additives have a “waxy” or crystalline structure and further contribute to the formation of a crystal network that impairs oil flow. Waxiness is evidenced at low temperature by higher pour-point, yield stress and viscosity compared to a wax free oil. Inadequate oil flow to critical parts of the equipment may result in costly failures and must be avoided by selecting the appropriate type and content of Pour Point Depressant (PPD).

Selection of a suitable PPD must take into account many factors. These include the PPD type and addition rate, the base stocks used, the influence of other additives and the different cooling rates and shear rates to which the oil will be submitted in service.

As new, more diverse base-stock types are used, more waxy additives are utilized and ever more stringent low temperature requirements on fresh and used oils are imposed, the selection of a suitable PPD is becoming increasing challenging.

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